Chivite process

Pretreatment of low carbon steel sheet prior to single layer enamelling. First hot alkaline degreasing is carried out twice, then hot rinsing and spray rinsing. This is followed by pickling with ferric sulphate Fe₂(SO₄)₃ approx. 3.5-5 %, 75 °C, with H₂SO₄ to pH 1.1-1.4], spray rinsing, pickling in sulphuric acid (approx. 7 %), spray rinsing, nickel bath (15 g/L NiSO₄ 77 °C), acid rinsing, spray rinsing, neutralisation and hot drying.